Risk Factors and Predictive Model for Severe Myelosuppression due to Chemotherapy in Triple-negative Breast Cancer / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

ObjectiveTo investigate the risk factors and construct a predictive model for severe myelosuppression due to chemotherapy in triple negative breast cancer （TNBC）. MethodsPatients with TNBC who received anthracycline combined with cyclophosphamide sequential paclitaxel chemotherapy regimen at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from September 2， 2016 to September 2， 2021 were selected and assigned to severe myelosuppression group and no/mild myelosuppression group. The χ2 test and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the risk factors for severe myelosuppression due to chemotherapy and to develop a prediction model. Hosmer-Lemeshow test and receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve were used to evaluate the predictive efficiency of the regression model. Kappa consistency test was used to verify the regression model externally. ResultsA total of 207 patients who met the inclusion were enrolled and 106 patients （51%） had severe myelosuppression. Binary logistic regression multivariate analysis showed that age 40 to 60 years （OR = 3.463， 95% CI： 1.144 to 10.486， P = 0.028）， age >60 years （OR = 3.474， 95% CI： 1.004 to 12.020， P = 0.049）， body mass index （BMI） 18.5 to 24.0 （OR = 1.445， 95% CI： 0.686 to 3.087， P = 0.328）， BMI <18.5 （OR = 3.582， 95% CI： 1.260 to 10.182， P = 0.017）， tumor TNM stage Ⅱ （OR = 1.698， 95% CI： 0.831 to 3.468， P = 0.146）， tumor TNM stage Ⅲ （OR = 2.943， 95% CI： 1.199 to 7.227， P = 0.019）， previous diabetes （OR = 2.441， 95% CI： 1.076 to 5.539， P = 0.033）， low pre-treatment albumin level （OR = 2.759， 95% CI： 1.141 to 6.669， P = 0.024） and low pre-treatment lymphocytes （OR = 3.428， 95% CI： 1.689 to 6.958， P = 0.001） were independent risk factors for severe myelosuppression due to chemotherapy. The χ2 value for the logistic regression model Hosmer-Lemeshow test was 11.507， P= 0.175， the area under the ROC curve was 0.763， standard error 0.033， 95% CI： 0.698-0.828， P=0.000. External validation showed that the prediction model had a specificity of 88% and a sensitivity of 80%； the kappa value was 0.679， standard error 0.081， P=0.000. conclusionThis logistic regression model had high predictive efficacy and is useful for clinicians to predict whether patients with TNBC develop severe myelosuppression.

Advancement in endovascular therapy of aortoiliac occlusive disease / 中华外科杂志

Aortoiliac occlusive disease (AIOD) refers to the stenosis and occlusion of the distal abdominal aorta and(or) bifurcation of the aortoiliac artery,which is mainly caused by atherosclerosis,leading to pelvic and lower limb ischemia.Open surgery has always been the main treatment for complex AIOD.However,in recent years,with the development of endovascular surgery technologies and medical instruments,its treatment concept has been greatly changed.More and more clinical evidence has proved that the long-term efficacy of endovascular therapy is not inferior to that of traditional open surgery,so minimally invasive endovascular therapy has become the preferred treatment for AIOD.

Stability research of Xiaoer Ganmaoning Oral Liquid based on chromatographic peak matching and image sensory evaluation / 中国中药杂志

The high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) characteristic chromatogram of Xiaoer Ganmaoning Oral Liquid(oral liquid for short) was established. The medicinal materials corresponding to characteristic peaks, their index components and ranges of similarity with the reference chromatograms were clarified. The similarity between the characteristic chromatograms of 10 batches of the oral liquid and the reference chromatogram was higher than 0.994. Eighteen characteristic peaks were identified, which were derived from different medicinal materials including Scutellariae Radix, Arctii Fructus, Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, Gardeniae Fructus and Forsythiae Fructus. Further, 11 characteristic peaks were assigned by the comparison with reference substances as chlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid A, isochlorogenic acid C, baicalin, baicalein, wogonin, scutellarin, forsythiaside A and arctiin. Also, the characteristic chromatogram of precipitate in the oral liquid was established, and the similarity between characteristic chromatograms of 10 batches of the precipitate and the reference chromatogram was higher than 0.940. The 14 characteristic peaks originating from the precipitate and those from the oral liquid were consistent in retention time, and the content of all index components in the precipitate was lower than 5% of that in the oral liquid. Moreover, the stability of precipitate during the accelerated stability test was explored with filtration and Matlab-based image sensory evaluation. The precipitate mass and precipitation degree both increased over the stability test duration significantly. The stability of the oral liquid was used as a model system in this study to establish the integrated quality control system which related to medicinal materials, preparations and precipitate with HPLC characteristic chromatograms and image sensory evaluation, which lays a foundation for the exploration of the quantity value transfer of the oral liquid.

Making Sense of Chronic Kidney Disease in Primary Care Part 2 – Management

@#Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common worldwide and in Singapore. The primary care physicians play an important role in managing patients with CKD, especially in the early stages of CKD. The primary objectives of CKD management are (1) slowing down the progression of CKD, (2) managing the complications of CKD, and (3) establishing the longterm kidney care plan. The interventions to slow down the progression of CKD are to identify the cause of CKD, use the renin-aldosterone system blocker and the sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor in suitable CKD populations, optimise blood pressure and glycaemic control, correct acidosis, avoid acute kidney injury and nephrotoxin, and modify dietary and lifestyle habits. For complications of CKD, the focus is on reducing cardiovascular risk, and managing anaemia, mineral bone disease, electrolytes imbalances and fluid overload. Lastly, there is a need to establish CKD patient’s treatment goals and initiate advanced care planning in a patient with progressive CKD to facilitate future care.

Clinical efficacy of different rehabilitation modes for lumbar degenerative diseases after operation / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To compare clinical effects of different postoperative rehabilitation modes on lumbar degenerative diseases, and explore influence of rehabilitation mode and other factors on postoperative effect.@*METHODS@#From June 2013 to July 2016, totally 900 patients were admitted from nine tertiary hospitals in Beijing to perform single segment bone grafting and internal fixation due to lumbar degenerative diseases were prospectively analyzed. There were 428 males and 472 females, the age of patient over 18 years old, with an average of (51.42±12.41) years old;according to patients' subjective wishes and actual residence conditions, all patients were divided into three groups, named as observation group 1 (performed integrated rehabilitation approach and orthopedic treatment model intervention), observation group 2 (performed integrated rehabilitation approach and orthopedic treatment, classified rehabilitation model intervention), and control group(performed routine rehabilitation model intervention). Visual analogue scale(VAS), Oswestry Disability Index(ODI) and Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) were used to evaluate postoperative efficacy among three groups at 24 weeks. Possible factors affecting the postoperative efficacy including age, age grouping, gender, body mass index (BMI), BMI grouping, education level, visiting hospital, payment method of medical expenses, preoperative complications, preoperative JOA score, clinical diagnosis, surgery section, operative method, intraoperative bleeding volume, postoperative complications and rehabilitation mode were listed as independent variables, and postoperative ODI score at 24 weeks as dependent variables. Univariate analysis was used to analyze relationship between influencing factors and postoperative efficacy. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze relationship between influencing factors, rehabilitation mode and postoperative ODI score at 24 weeks, in further to find out the main reasons which affect postoperative efficacy, and to analyze impact of rehabilitation mode on postoperative efficacy.@*RESULTS@#All patients were followed up for 24 weeks after operation. All incisions healed at stage I with stable internal fixation. (1)Evaluation of postoperative efficacy:① There were no statistical differences in preoperative VAS and ODI among three groups(@*CONCLUSION@#Preoperative JOA score, gender, age could predict postoperative clinical effects of lumbar degenerative diseases in varying degrees treated with single level bone graft fusion and internal fixation. Different rehabilitation modes could improve clinical effects. Intergrated rehabilitation orthopedic treatment model and integrated rehabilitation approach and orthopedic treatment with classifiedrehabilitation model are superior to conventional rehabilitation model in improving patients' postoperative function and relieving pain, which is worthy of promoting in clinical.

Preparation, characterization and in vitro release of berberine hydrochloride resin complex / 药学学报

The object of this study is to preparate the berberine hydrochloride (BBH) resin compound with taste masking effect. We took the BBH as the model drug and Amberlite IRP69 as the drug carriers, uncovered the curve of solubility of BBH in different cosolvent with a certain range of temperature, and then used it to calculate the parameters during the preparation of the complex such as adding quantity of BBH and the reaction temperature. Afterwards, the characteristic and in vitro release experiments were studied to verify the formation and predict the in vivo release behavior of the complex. The results showed that in the condition of using 60% ethanol as a cosolvent and stirring at 50 ℃ for 1 h, the drug loading and drug availability of the complex are at about 35% and 64%, respectively, and has a better taste-masking effect. In this study, a method was provided for preparing a taste-masking preparation of BBH.

Preparation and quality evaluation of fluorocarbon microemulsion-based gel loaded with both 5-aminolevulinic acid and carbon dioxide / 药学学报

To improve the efficacy of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT), a fluorocarbon microemulsion-based gel (FMBG) loaded with both 5-ALA and carbon dioxide (CO2) was prepared in this study. Its physical and chemical properties such as particle size, zeta potential, morphology, pH value and viscosity were characterized. Acid-base titration experiment was used to determine the CO2 loading, a fluorescence derivatization method was established to determine the content of 5-ALA, and the confocal laser scanning microscope and Franz diffusion cell method were carried out to investigate its transdermal ability. Through the laser speckle contrast imaging, the CO2-affected blood flow perfusion of skin was measured. Finally, the skin irritation test was tested by hematoxylin-eosin staining (H&E) method. These results showed that the prepared FMBG was a milky white gel, with an average particle size of 202.4 nm, a zeta potential of -25.3 mV, a pH of 6.0, and a viscosity of 1 062.0 mPa·s. It can be stored stably for seven days at room temperature. The 5-ALA content of FMBG was measured to be approximately equal to 20% (w/w). At room temperature and normal pressure, the CO2 loading content of FMBG was 5.016 mg·L-1, which was 1.5 times as much as that of water. The transdermal absorption experiment and blood perfusion results showed that the FMBG can effectively enable the transdermal delivery of 5-ALA and CO2, and significantly increased the blood perfusion of skin. H&E staining results indicated that FMBG had negligible skin irritation (all animal tests were approved by the Ethics Committee of 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team). In this study, a safe and stable FMBG loaded with both 5-ALA and CO2 was successfully prepared. It was suitable for transdermal application, having the potential of enhancing the efficacy of 5-ALA-mediated PDT.

Preparation and enhanced photodynamic therapy of supramolecular nanoparticles to overcome tumor hypoxia / 药学学报

The therapeutic effect of tumor photodynamic therapy is severely limited by the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. Inhibiting tumor celloxygen consumption is a more effective way than increasing its oxygen supply to overcome the tumor hypoxia and enhance photodynamic therapy. To carry out this strategy, the supramolecular nanoparticles VER-ATO-SMN loaded with photosensitizer verteporfin (VER), oxygen-consuming inhibitor atovaquone (ATO), and stabilizer polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-K30 were prepared by the nanoprecipitation method, and the optimal prescription was screened and optimized by single factor experiments. The results showed that the optimal prescription for VER-ATO-SMN was ATO∶VER (w/w) = 1∶1, PVP-K30 = 100 mg, N,N-dimethylformamide∶water (v/v) = 1∶10. The morphology, particle size, particle dispersion index and encapsulation efficiency of supramolecular nanoparticles were characterized. The VER-ATO-SMN showed a spherical morphology and was well dispersed. The hydrodynamic size of VER-ATO-SMN was 101.21 ± 4.30 nm as determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS). The encapsulation efficiencies of VER and ATO in VER-ATO-SMN prepared with the optimal prescription were 70.86% and 77.52%, respectively. The VER-ATO-SMN exhibited good laser stability and also showed high stability in conditions which simulated the physiological solution. Compared with free VER and VER liposome, VER-ATO-SMN performed enhanced therapeutic effect at the cell level. The mechanism was that VER-ATO-SMN could effectively incorporate into cells and improving the intracellular oxygen concentration by reducing the oxygen consumption of tumor cells could increase the amount of reactive oxygen species generated by VER mediated photodynamic therapy. The in vivo anticancer efficacy results of tumor-bearing mice suggested that VER-ATO-SMN could effectively inhibit the tumor growth or even completely eliminate the tumor. All animal experiments were performed in line with national regulations and approved by the Animal Experiments Ethical Committee of 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team.

Comparison of acute sports injury between recreational skiers and skiers / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To compare and analyze the difference between the injuries of recreational skiers in public ski resorts and those of skiing athletes in official competitions, and to explore the suggestions of medical insurance for these two types of skiers.@*METHODS@#The injury data of recreational skiers in Chongli District, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province during 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 snow seasons, and the injury data of skiers in two official international skiing competitions during 2019-2020 snow season and domestic test events in Chongli District of 2021 Winter Olympic Games were analyzed retrospectively, and the similarities and differences were compared.@*RESULTS@#A total of 1 187 injuries occurred to recreational skiers in the two public ski resorts during the 2018-2019 snow season, with an injury rate of 0.3%.There were 1 277 injury sites in total, and the most frequent injury sites were head and neck (230 cases, 18.0%), followed by knee joint (204 cases, 16.0%) and lower extremity (131 cases, 10.3%). Thirty-one skiers were injured in the two official international skiing competitions in the 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 snow season, and in the domestic test competitions in the 2021 Winter Olympic Games, and the injury rates were 11.5%, 17.2% and 12.0%, respectively. There were 37 injury sites in total, among which 11 (29.7%) were in the head and neck, followed by 6 (16.2%) in the knee joint and 5 (13.6%) in the chest, rib and abdomen.@*CONCLUSION@#In order to better guarantee the safety of skiers and timely provide corresponding medical help, safety facilities and technical guidance should be added to the snow resort for leisure skiing, and medical stations should be set up in the snow resort. As the formal ski racing for skiing athletes during the game has 30 to 80 times higher injury ratesthan recreational skiers, and compared with the recreational skiing, head and neck injury rate is higher, and the damage is much heavier, more complete first aid facilities and experienced medical workers are, needed so the field should be equipped with the circuit inside the quantities, track fixed outside the clinic, surrounding referral hospitals set up trauma centers to provide athletes with more timely medical care.

A Discussion About the Organic Combination of National Drug Sampling and Testing for Quality Evaluation and National Drug Standards Improvement / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVEP: To explore the necessity and feasibility of organic combination of the national drug sampling and testing for quality evaluation and national drug standards improvement. METHODS: Through analysis of the similarities and differences of the two working modes and their complementarity, the problems that may arise in the connection of work were identified. The mechanism and counter measures to promote the organic combination of the two working modes were put forward. RESULT AND CONCLUSION: It was suggested that a communication mechanism should be established in time to strengthen the connection and interaction between the national drug sampling and testing for quality evaluation and national drug standard improvement, thus to avoid wasting resources and timely translate feasible suggestions into national drug standards.

Advances on the study of movable artificial vertebral body / 中国骨伤

At present, artificial vertebral implants have proven to be effective in the treatment of spinal tumors, infections, fractures and other diseases. However, the fusion artificial vertebral body can cause adjacent intervertebral joint degeneration and loss of original physiological curvature and activity. The movable artificial vertebral body can, to some extent, restore the normal physiological movement and reduce biomechanical changes of the spine, reducing the occurrence of complication. The design of movable artificial vertebral body is to equip movable device when the basis of reliable stability is obtained. According to its principle it can be divided into ball socket joint or elastic deformation. However the overall design of movable artificial vertebral body needs further improvement. Traditional mechanical processing methods are difficult to process complex prostheses and the agreement rate between traditional produced prostheses and lesions was low. While the emerging 3D printing technology can achieve individualized improvement of prosthesis, its slow rate and high cost need to be improved. The materials of movable artificial vertebral body includes metal, ceramics, biomaterials, high polymer materials and so on. Titanium alloy is the main material in metal materials, which is widely used, but its modulus of elasticity is still far from that of human bone and it lacks ideal bone fusion. Ceramic materials are rich in variety but fragile and poor in wear resistance. Biomaterials include autogenous bone, allogeneic bone, etc., with limited source and complicated operation. There are many kinds of polymer and biodegradable materials which obtain excellent and ideal properties. But their properties and applications need to be further studied. The movable artificial vertebral body still needs to be promoted and developed. The clinical experimental data is still insufficient, and long-term curative effect needs to be further observed and studied. This paper reviews the development, advantages, design, processing and materials of movable artificial vertebral bodies and provides useful reference for optimization design, processing and clinical application of movable artificial vertebral bodies.

Early clinical efficacy of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty for elderly patients with medial compartmental knee osteoarthritis / 局解手术学杂志

Objective To compare the early clinical efficacy of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for elderly patients with medial compartmental knee osteoarthritis.Methods A total of 35 elderly patients with medial compartmental knee osteoarthritis were selected from September 2014 to March 2018 in our hospital, of whom 16 cases treated by UKA were observation group and 19 cases treated by TKA were control group.ResultsThe operation time, intraoperative blood loss, the rate of perioperative blood transfusion, postoperative drainage volume and hospitalization stays of observation group were less than those of control group, the difference were significant (P＜0.05).Before the treatment, there was no significant differences in the KSS score between two groups (P＞0.05).After the treatment, KSS scores of two groups had been improved to some extent, and the observation group was better than the control group, the difference was significant (P＜0.05).No revision or infection happened in 1 year post-operative follow-up of either group.The observation group (0) were less than the control group (26.32％) in thrombosis rate, the difference was significantly (P＜0.05).ConclusionBoth UKA and TKA have certain early clinical efficacy, but UKA had advantages such as shorter operation time, shorter hospitalization, less pain, lower incidence of adverse reaction, which can promote the postoperative function recovery, the early clinical efficacy is more significant.

Minimum 2-Year Experience with Magnetically Controlled Growing Rods for the Treatment of Early-Onset Scoliosis: A Systematic Review

Magnetically controlled growing rods have been used to treat early-onset scoliosis for the last 9 years; however, few studies have been published, with only short-term follow-up. The aim of the present study is to systematically review the outcomes of magnetically controlled growing rods in the treatment of early-onset scoliosis with a minimum of 2-year follow-up. Studies were included if patients with early-onset scoliosis (scoliosis diagnosed before 10 years of age) underwent implantation of magnetically controlled growing rods with a minimum of 2-year follow-up. The literature review and data extraction followed the established preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis guidelines. Data of distraction frequency, number of distractions, distracted length, Cobb angle, kyphosis, T1–T12 length, and T1–S1 length preoperatively, postoperatively, and at final follow-up were collected. Data regarding complications and unplanned reoperations were also extracted. The mean values of these parameters were calculated, or pooled meta-analysis was performed if available. Ten articles were included in this systematic review, with a total of 116 patients and a follow-up period between 23 and 61 months. The mean preoperative Cobb angle and kyphosis angle were 60.1° and 38.0°, respectively, and improved to 35.4° and 26.1° postoperatively. At final follow-up, the Cobb and kyphosis angles were maintained at 36.9° and 36.0°, respectively. The average preoperative T1–T12 and T1–S1 lengths were 180.6 mm and 293.6 mm, respectively, and increased to 198.3 mm and 320.3 mm postoperatively. T1–T12 and T1–S1 lengths were 212.3 mm and 339.3 mm at final follow-up, respectively. The overall rate of patients with complications was 48% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.38–0.58) and unplanned reoperation 44% (95% CI, 0.33–0.55) after sensitivity analysis. The current evidence from different countries with a minimum of a 2-year follow-up suggests that magnetically controlled growing rods are an effective technique to treat pediatric scoliosis and promote spine growth. However, nearly half of patients still developed complications or required unplanned reoperations.

Strategies of preserving urinary continence in transurethral plasmakinetic enucleation of the prostate for benign prostate hyperplasia / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To explore the strategies of preserving urinary continence in transurethral plasmakinetic enucleation of the prostate (PKEP) for benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH).@*METHODS@#We treated 65 BPH patients by PKEP with preservation of urinary continence (UC-PKEP), which involved protection of the external urethral sphincter in the beginning of surgery, proper preservation of the anterior lobe of the prostate to protect the internal urethral sphincter in the middle, and preservation of the integrity of the bladder neck towards the end. We compared the postoperative status of urinary continence of the patients with that of the 54 BPH cases treated by complete plasmakinetic enucleation of the prostate (Com-PKEP).@*RESULTS@#All the operations were performed successfully with the urinary catheters removed at 5 days after surgery. In comparison with Com-PKEP, UC-PKEP achieved evidently lower incidence rates of urinary incontinence at 24 hours (31.49% vs 13.85%, P 0.05), and 3 months (3.70% vs 0%, P >0.05) after catheter removal. Compared with the baseline, the maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) was significantly improved postoperatively in both the Com-PKEP (［7.43 ± 3.26］ vs ［20.58 ± 3.22］ ml, P <0.05) and the UC-PKEP group (［8.04 ± 2.28］ vs ［20.66 ± 3.08］ ml, P <0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Transurethral PKEP is a safe and effective method for the management of BPH, during which the strategies of avoiding blunt or sharp damage to the external urethral sphincter in the beginning, properly preserving the anterior lobe of the prostate in the middle and preserving the integrity of the bladder neck towards the end may help to achieve rapid recovery of urinary continence.

CircRNA as a new field in human disease research / 中国中药杂志

For the characteristics of high stability， high conservation between species， and tissue specificity， circular RNA(circRNA) has been expected to become a new molecular biomarker for the clinical diagnosis， treatment and prognosis， and the potential target for targeted therapy. Study on the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome includes not only the macro indexes collected by using four traditional methods of diagnosis， but also contains some micro information that can not be achieved by using the four traditional diagnosis methods. The questions such as how to deal with the relationship between the holistic concept of TCM and micro research， and how to solve the contradiction between the fuzziness of syndrome description and the accuracy of microscopic research， need to be considered before the micro research in TCM syndrome. circRNA as a new field of understanding human disease， may provide some ideas for the TCM syndrome research due to its characteristics. Overall， it is necessary to pay attention to explore the molecular level with same syndrome in different diseases and reveal the connotation and essence of syndromes by understanding of circRNA.

Study on preparation of immobilized acetylcholinesterase microreactor and its application in CMM inhibitors screening / 中草药

Objective To prepare an immobilized acetylcholinesterase (AChE) microreactor and establish a rapid screening method for Chinese materia medica (CMM) acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs). Methods A novel immobilized AchE microreactor was prepared by crosslinking with glutaraldehyde, using aminated magnetic microspheres as carrier. The characterizations were conducted by physicochemical properties and chromatographic performance. The immobilized AChE reactor was used to screen AChEIs from the Huperzia Serratum extracts. Results In the enzyme reaction system, the optimum substrate concentration was 50 μmol/L, and the incubation time was 5 min, respectively. IR characterization, specificity verification, enzyme kinetics, and stability study results all demonstrated the effectiveness of the enzyme reactor. The CMM AChEI, huperzine A, was obtained from the screening of H. Serratum extracts. Conclusion A high throughput screening method for AChEIs is established in this paper, which will be further applied and popularized.

In vitro study of genistein inducing apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells via NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways / 中国药理学通报

Aim To study the effect of genistein on apoptosis in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and the underlying mechanisms. Methods MTT as-say was used to observe the inhibitory rate on human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells treated with genistein. Colony assay was used to determine the cell colony formation rate on human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells treated with genistein. Western blot was used to detect the expression of Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3,NF-κB, ERK, p-ERK, JNK and p-JNK in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells treated with genistein. Results The results of MTT assay showed that genistein inhibited the viability of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells in a time- and concentration-de-pendent manner. Colony assay suggested that genistein had an antiproliferative effect on MDA-MB-231 cells. The expression levels of Bcl-2, NF-κB and p-ERK were significantly down-regulated compared with con-trol(P < 0.01). However, the expression of Bax, caspase-3 and p-JNK was significantly up-regulated(P<0.01). Conclusions Genistein could inhibit the growth of human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and induce apoptosis,and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of NF-κB, ERK/MAPK signaling path-ways and the activation of JNK/MAPK signaling path-way.

Rosmarinic acid derivative RAD-9 induces apoptosis in gastric cancer MGC-803 cells via PI3K/Akt and p38 MAPK signaling pathway / 中国药理学通报

Aim To study the apoptosis-inducing effect of rosmarinic acid derivative RAD-9 on gastric cancer MGC-803 cells and the underlying mechanisms.Methods MTT assay was taken to detect the survival of gastric cancer MGC-803 cells effected by RAD-9.Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry.The apoptotic morphology of MGC-803 cells was observed by Hoechst 33258 staining.The protein expression levels of Bcl-2,Bax,caspase-3,Akt,p-Akt,p38 MAPK and p-p38 MAPK were measured by Western blot.Results The results of MTT assay showed that RAD-9 inhibited the viability of gastric cancer MGC-803 cells in a time and concentration-dependent manner.Flow cytometry showed that RAD-9 significantly promoted apoptotic cell percentage in gastric cancer MGC-803 cells (P ＜ 0.01).Hoechst 33258 staining showed that the nucleus of MGC-803 cells could be observed with typical apoptotic morphological changes after RAD-9 administration.Compared with the control group,the protein expression levels of Bcl-2,Akt,p-Akt were significantly down-regulated (P ＜ 0.01),while those of Bax,caspase-3,p38 MAPK,p-p38 MAPK were significantly up-regulated (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion RAD-9 can inhibit the growth and further induce apoptosis in gastric cancer MGC-803 cells,which may involve inhibiting PI3K/Akt and activating p38 MAPK signaling pathway.

Correlation between the expression of JARID1B/KDM5B in breast cancer tissues and the circulating tumor cells / 基础医学与临床

Objective To investigate the relation between expression of JARID1B/KDM5B in invasive breast cancer tissue and circulating tumor cells of invasive breast patients. Methods The S-P immunohistochemical method was used to observe the expression of JARID1B/KDM5B in lesions.imFISH method was used to detect circulation tumor cells. Results Twenty-seven cases of patients showed CTC positive(the number of CTC was more than or equal to 2) in 35 invasive breast cancer cases,The results of JARID1B/KDM5B expression were as follows:(-) (n=0) and (+) in 1 case,(++) in 3 cases,(+++) in 23 cases,8 cases of negative cases (the number of CTC < 2), JARID1B/KDM5B immune group of results:(-) (n=2),(+) in 2 cases,(++) in 1 case,(+++) in 3 cases, The positive relation was found in expression of JARID1B/KDM5B and circulating tumor cells(P<0.05). Conclu-sions JARID1B/KDM5B positive expression in tumor tissues has a certain significance in predicting the recurrence and metastasis of tumor.

Comparison of domestic video intubationscope and Macintosh direct laryngoscope in nasal intubation / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To compare the clinical effect of nasal intubation with domestic video intubationscope and Macintosh direct laryngoscope. Methods One hundred patients scheduled for oro-maxillo-facial operation, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade I or II, aged 19 ~ 67 years, were randomly divided into the domestic video intubationscope group (group V) and the Macintosh direct laryngoscope group (group M), with 50 cases in each group. Nasal intubation was respectively performed with domestic video intubationscope (Group V) and Macintosh direct laryngoscope (group M). Cormark-Lehane grade (C-L classification), tracheal intubation time, first-time intubation success rate and tracheal intubation complications were recorded.Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) of before induction of anesthesia (T0), after induction of anesthesia (T1), at glottic exposure (T2), at intubation (T3), 1 min after intubation (T4) and 3 min after intubation (T5) were recorded. Results C-L classification in group V was significantly lower than that in group M (P < 0.05), intubation time in group V was significantly shorter than that in group M (P < 0.05), first-time intubation success rate in group V was significantly higher than that in group M (P < 0.05). Compared with T1, MAP was significantly higher at T3~ T4and HR was significantly faster at T3in group V, MAP was significantly higher at T2~ T4and HR was significantly faster at T2~ T3in group M (P < 0.05). Compared with group M, MAP and HR in group V were significantly lower at T2~ T4 (P < 0.05). The incidence of tracheal intubation complications in group V was significantly lower than that in group M (P < 0.05). Conclusions Compared with Macintosh direct laryngoscope,domestic video intubationscope in nasal intubation is better in glottic exposure,it could shorten tracheal intubation time ,increase first-time intubation success rate, maintain stable hemodynamics, has fewer tracheal intubation complications and is worthy of clinical application.